Oxford researchers simulate Aharonov-Bohm effect in trapped-ion quantum computer
University of Oxford scientists used a hybrid trapped-ion quantum computer to simulate the Aharonov-Bohm effect within a Z₂ lattice gauge theory on November 7, 2026.
Hybrid system encodes fields and matter
The study published in Nature Physics describes how trapped ions serve a dual purpose in the simulation. Their electronic states represent gauge fields while their vibrations encode matter particles. This setup allows the team to model interactions that previous one-dimensional systems could not capture.
Quasi-two-dimensional loop enables new physics
Researchers constructed a quasi-two-dimensional loop to overcome limitations found in earlier quantum simulations of Z₂ lattice gauge theories. This specific geometry permits effects linked to magnetic flux to appear for the first time in this context. The project began with brainstorming sessions in 2022 before moving into active development.
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