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Experienced scientists produce lasting disruptive work less often than rookies

A study published on 19 October in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences analyzed citation patterns for over 11 million papers from more than 206,000 scientists between 1800 and 2022.

Experienced researchers ‘disrupt’ less than rookie scientists — but their ideas last
File photo Experienced researchers ‘disrupt’ less than rookie scientists — but their ideas last Photo: Nature

Early career researchers lead disruption

Researchers starting their careers generate disruptive ideas more frequently than those with decades of experience. The analysis covered global publications to measure how often new findings overturned established foundations. This trend contrasts with previous beliefs that aging scientists become less innovative.

Senior scientists create enduring impact

When veteran researchers do produce disruptive work, their innovations remain in the literature longer than those from junior staff. The team used citation data to track how likely findings were to be displaced by later research. Sam Arts from KU Leuven noted that age does not necessarily reduce innovation potential.

Study challenges aging myths

The findings suggest that established scientists retain the capacity for high-impact breakthroughs despite lower frequency. Previous suggestions that experience hinders disruptive discovery are questioned by this large-scale dataset. The research offers a different perspective on how scientific progress occurs over time.

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